Applicants must have a bachelor's degree with a standing equivalent to a cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.3 or better out of a possible 4.0. The degree may be either in Sociology or in another relevant social science. In the latter case, applicants may be required to take some additional sociology courses to fill gaps in their background. Certain students must submit documented proof of competency in oral and written English. The minimum acceptable score for the TOEFL exam is 86 overall on the Internet-based test (iBT; no less than 20 in each of the four component scores). The items and clarifications below are additional requirements set by this department: GRE – required for applicants who have not received a degree from a Canadian university Personal Statement (maximum 1,000 words) Writing Sample – can be in the form of a graded paper or a chapter from a thesis and must be at least 15 typewritten pages in length translated into English or French